Al-Qantara is a scholarly, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to advancing a dynamic research culture through multidisciplinary scholarship in the fields of Social Sciences and Health Sciences. The journal is firmly committed to upholding the highest standards of academic integrity, transparency, and ethical publishing practices. Al-Qantara places strong emphasis on the efficient and timely completion of the double-blind peer-review process. With an unwavering commitment to scholarly excellence, the editorial team endeavors to provide authors with constructive and comprehensive feedback within one month of submission, thereby ensuring a transparent, rigorous, and streamlined publication experience.
Institute for Excellence in Education and Research
COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF NUM-MANGO DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS IN VINH LONG, VIETNAM
The research analyzes Vinh Long's Num-mango value chain's cost-benefit distribution and marketing efficiency. Stakeholder cost- benefits and marketing efficiency were analyzed using a global value chain methodology. 228 farmer households, 20 collectors, 15 wholesalers, 30 retailers, 6 companies, 8 supermarkets/fruit shops, and 10 supporters (5 transporters, 3 agro-input dealers, 1 central market, and 1 phytosanitary inspection 2 for import and export) were sampling observations. The research found 5 market channels, in which 2 export channels, and 3 domestic channels in the Num-mango value chain. Approximately 95.4% of Num-mango volume is consumed domestically, 20 times more than export volume. In particular, the Bac Lieu center market consumes 66.2% which is the most important market for Nu-mango consumption. The Num-mango value chain generates USD 11,238.3 million in profit and USD 74,351.8 million in revenue. Num-mango farmers are the most vulnerable actors in the chain whole. Num-mango farmers should join in scenario 2 (market channels 1, 3, and 5) to increase their profit. Farmers must carefully examine channel 1 and 3 marketing expenditures. In summary, farmers are the most vulnerable actor of all the market channels in the Num-mango value chain. Farmers are encouraged to participate in case 2 for better profit (market channels 1, 3, and 5). However, when farmers participate in case 2, it is necessary to pay attention to the marketing costs of channels 1 and 3. Managing marketing costs is essential not only to help channels 1 and 3 operate more efficiently but also to help farmers improve their profits significantly. This contributes to the channel's more efficient operation and the more sustainable Num-mango value chain.
Cost-benefit, distribution channel, num-mango.
DEVELOPMENT OF ACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS ON THE BASES OF ACADEMIC TEXT JANRES
The article describes the difficulties that students encounter when mastering foreign language written speech in an English course for academic purposes in the context of the specifics of the course. Methodological approaches to teaching foreign language writing are analyzed, their strengths and weaknesses are identified, the possibility of using tasks peculiar to these approaches in the course of academic writing to overcome the described difficulties is considered. Examples are given to illustrate how tasks can be combined when writing an essay and an abstractThe article examines the basics of the process of development of academic writing, it is proposed to consider the research activities of senior students, the result of which is the project of the final qualifying work
academic writing, approaches to teaching writing, abstract, essay
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT TRANSFORMATION WITH ENVIRONMENTAL VISION: EFFORTS TO CREATE SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE GROWTH
Amid global challenges, achieving sustainable and inclusive economic growth is crucial. This paper delves into economic development transformation's role in realizing growth that is robust, inclusive, and ecologically responsible. This study examines the importance of economic development transformation for sustainable and inclusive growth. It analyzes growth patterns, inclusivity metrics, factors driving successful transformation, and models from diverse countries. This study uses comparative analysis, the research explores economies that have undergone successful transformation. It evaluates growth trajectories, inclusivity strategies, policy frameworks, and sustainable practices using various sources. Results and discussion prove that successful transformational economies exhibit resilient growth driven by investments in human capital, innovation, and a business-friendly environment. Incorporating progressive social programs and gender equality initiatives improves living standards and social cohesion. Embracing sustainability ensures lasting economic viability while preserving the environment. It concludes that economic development transformation is pivotal for fostering sustainable and inclusive growth. A long-term vision, inclusivity, and environmental sustainability are crucial components. Comparative studies of transformative economies like Singapore and China offer valuable insights. A comprehensive approach integrating inclusivity and sustainability is key to shaping a more equitable and prosperous future.
Economic Development, Transformation, Creating Sustainable, Inclusive Growth
GUIDANCE PROGRAM FOR AWARENESS OF USE THE ART OF DECOUPAGE TO DECORATE THE HOME ENVIRONMENT
The artist seeks to achieve aesthetic creativity that is compatible with the society in which he exists and always needs creative features, ideas and inputs to enrich his design performance and obtain distinguished designs. This research aims to achieve one of the pillars of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s vision (2030) by searching for new sources full of material folk heritage that It has not been studied before, and the study will address the art of decoupage and how to create a guidance program to raise awareness of its use The art of decoupage to decorate the home environment. Therefore, the research deals with three basic approaches, which are the entrance to showing the different plastic values of the aesthetics of the art of decoupage, the entrance based on making contemporary designs using table paper and various napkins, and the entrance to creating a guidance program to educate female students and linking them to create a modern masterpiece. Through these approaches, the meaning of decoupage was clarified and studied. Types of decoupage paper and a study of several methods used in the art of decoupage and the most famous artists.The research problem lies in how a guidance program can be created to raise awareness using.The art of decoupage to decorate the home environment? - Therefore, we have created several artistic works using the art of decoupage One of the most important results we reached. Adapting the various plastic possibilities of table paper and napkin materials and employing them in innovative plastic formulations that combine simplicity and modernity, whether in terms of the prepared design or performance methods, and then using them in artistic masterpieces to decorate the environment. The research is also based on the experimental descriptive approach through the practical experience carried out in the research.
Awareness guidance program Decoupage art - to decorate the home environment
INTERPERSONAL METAFUNCTION ANALYSIS OF DECEPTION IN BRITISH NEWS
This paper investigates how the interpersonal metafunction in linguistic choice associated with the strategies of deception in British news. This study attempts to answer these questions: what are the elements of interpersonal metafunction? how do the strategies of deception correlate with the interpersonal metafunction in British news? It aims to analyse how the interpersonal metafunction is used deception in British news, to identify the strategies of deception correlate with interpersonal metafunction in British news. Its hypotheses: deceptive news will show a higher frequency in specific linguistic characters concerns with interpersonal metafunction and deceptive news associates with occurrence of prominent strategy of deceptive such as equivocation. To achieve the aims of the study and prove or reject the hypothesis, drawing on Halliday and Matthiessen's (2014) systemic functional linguistic as a theoretical background linking with the strategies of deception are used to analyise the selected data. Furthermore, a statistical tool embodied by the percentage calculation is utilized to evaluate the results. The essential finding is appeared by this study is that British news usually serves the strategies of deception like equivocation, falsification, concealment, distortion, ostensible promise, and depersonalization. For interpersonal metafunction, deceptive statements fulfill through the elements of mood and elements of residue
Interpersonal Metafunction, Mood, Residue, Deception.
CARING FOR GIFTED STUDENTS AND DEVELOPING THEIR ABILITIESA FIELD STUDY IN THE CITY OF BAGHDAD
The study aimed to know the most important difficulties that gifted people face in their schools, and to know the most important educational methods that support the creation of an appropriate environment for the development of the gifted, and to identify the role of the family, school, and society in developing the skills of the gifted, to achieve this, the researcher followed the descriptive analytical method by applying a questionnaire to an intentional sample consisting of ( 200) respondents divided into two samples: - sample one consists of (100) respondents from the families of gifted people, while the second sample consists of (100) gifted students living in the city of Baghdad, and by following the social survey approach in the sample method, in addition to using data collection tools, which are Questionnaire, observation, and interview, the results of the study indicate that most of the respondents in the study population have a good educational level, as more than half of the study sample members hold bachelor’s degrees, at a rate of %61, the results of the study showed that most of the study sample are parents who are keen to continue their children’s studies and develop their skills, at a rate of %95%. , the results of the study show that most families in the study sample spend a long time following up on their children’s studies, at a rate of %70%, the results of the study showed that the parents of the study sample gave their children the freedom to choose the scientific specialization they desired, at a rate of %82, the results of the study show that most of the study sample members use the correct socialization method and the democratic method based on giving and taking and mutual respect, away from tyranny towards their children, at a rate of %86. the results of the study indicate that family cohesion and stability for individuals is important in developing talent in their gifted children, at a rate of %98,we recommend that parents provide their children with the opportunity to practice their own hobbies and opportunities for dialogue inside and outside the home, and provide opportunities for dialogue with them and participation in various activities to satis fy their needs for information and knowledge.
correct socialization, mutual respect, freedom for their children
THE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC ACCOUNTING ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF INSURANCE COMPANIES LISTED IN AMMAN STOCK EXCHANGE (ANALYTICAL STUDY)
The objective of this study was to assess how electronic accounting affected the financial results of insurance companies that were listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. To assess the degree of electronic accounting implementation, an analytical-descriptive methodology was employed, utilizing a 17-item questionnaire. Financial managers and accountants in the target companies were given 155 questionnaires; 107 valid responses, or 69% of the sample, were received. Using metrics like return on equity, return on assets, and earnings per share, the financial performance of twenty insurance companies was evaluated. The results showed that insurance companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange had embraced electronic accounting procedures on a large scale. It was clear that electronic accounting had a statistically significant impact on financial performance, exceeding the significance threshold of α ≤ 0.05. According to the study, insurance companies should make investments in ongoing, specialized training programs to improve the accuracy and caliber of their accounting procedures, which will ultimately improve their financial performance.
Electronic Accounting, Financial Performance, Insurance Companies, Jordan.
BENEFITING FROM THE ASIR DECORATIONS OF THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE PLASTIC VALUES OF AFRICAN ART TO ENRICH PRINT DESIGNS
The exhibition dealt with combining three axes: the axis of the Asir decorations of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the axis of the plastic values of African art, and the axis of the artistic aesthetic aspect with different printing techniques and the connection between them.The exhibition aims to present new approaches to the printed artistic painting by employing the various Asiri motifs present in the environment in innovative formulations based on diverse African art, which possess the beauty of form and unity of production. One of the most important results is that it is possible to benefit from the Asir decorations of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through African art using different printing techniques to obtain new plastic aesthetic values in the printed artistic painting.The experimental approach was used, represented by the design and implementation of a set of proposed designs for artistic hangings, which were implemented using the Asiri decorations of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and their relationships to the plastic values of African art to enrich print designs, and the use of the descriptive and analytical approach in describing the Asiri decorations, analyzing their aesthetics and techniques, and identifying the plastic values of African art and in describing These works were analyzed to reach the results, and the most important results were the following: It is possible to benefit from Asiri decorations and the plastic values of African art in creating new designs in the field of printing
Asir motifs of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia - the plastic values of African art - to enrich print designs
MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL DISCIPLINE INDICATORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON SOME INDICATORS OF FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IN IRAQ FOR THE PERIOD (2004-2021)
The issue of financial discipline is considered one of the important topics that has received wide attention in many developed and developing countries alike, in order to enhance financial sustainability in a better way that contributes to achieve the desired economic development goals, as financial discipline is considered one of the most important modern tools in influencing financial discipline in any country all over the world, and its economic effects have emerged through global experiences, but its applications differed from one country to another due to the nature of the economic and social system prevailing in each country, and this is what has clearly appeared in the Iraqi economy through the lack of commitment to implementing standards and foundations related to financial discipline. In addition, there are many obstacles that prevent the application of these standards. Thus, the role of financial discipline in enhancing financial sustainability in the Iraqi economy was looked at, and the most important obstacles that represent an obstacle to the progress of financial discipline work were looked at and what it may be exposed to in the future by studying indicators of financial discipline in Iraq and demonstrating their impact on financial sustainability
Financial Discipline, Financial Sustainability.
THE GLOBAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK: INSIGHTS FROM EDUCATORS
COVID-19 pandemic has brought about many differences in all sectors of life, especially in the field of educa- tion. The learning process became more effective since the stakeholders thought of a number of ways not to waste resources specially money and effort and get the worth of every penny spent, since income was becoming difficult to earn and other factors considered. Students and educators as well face numerous challenges especially those in remote areas where access to infrastructure is a major concern. This article showed a few of the consequences and still possible consequences about the COVID as perceived from the insights of educators themselves.In this study, literature reviews and research were obtained, such as from business operations, small and businesses specifically on-line learning activities Results show both positive and negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, however, the latter weight much greater and these are where the challenges faced by the different sectors in the economy
Global entrepreneurship, COVID-19 Outbreak, Impacts, Insights
ENRICHING THE ARTISTIC WORK BY BENEFITING FROM IT THE TACTILE AND PLASTIC EFFECTS OF THE BUTTERFLY
Artworks, like other arts, are a faithful translation of the artist’s feelings, ideas, culture, beliefs, and the material and moral circumstances surrounding him. Artworks in the twentieth century, as one of the most important areas of plastic art, witnessed several changes, which led to the development of its concept, as new plastic formulations emerged, as a result of scientific and technological development. With the tremendous industrial progress that occurred in the twentieth century, various experiments of the modern artist appeared with new materials and techniques, through which he created various aesthetic values, and the use of materials in new methods has become possible, using plastic materials with various textures, and these materials are like threads, Cloth, wire, beads, in addition to his use of metal foil, which led to various expressive connotations. The industrial and technological development that occurred contributed to the creation of many materials that the modern artist exploited in formulating his works with techniques and textures that suggest a great expressive aspect, which formed new plastic concepts that led to transcending Limits of conventional thinking. From the above, the research problem can be summarized in the following question: How can a work of art be enriched by employing the plastic abilities of the butterfly to achieve tangible effects
BUSINESS ACTIVITIES OF VIETNAMESE PEOPLE IN HANOI (VIETNAM) FROM 1919 TO 1929 THROUGH BUSINESS-LICENSE TAX
Purpose: The article accurately assesses the business activities of Vietnamese people in Hanoi in fierce competition with European and Asian capitalists through the payment of Business-license tax from 1919 to 1929 in tax categories set by the French colonial government from their ruling policy in Vietnam. Method: Historical method, logical method, statistical and comparative methods are the main means used to research and clarify the problem, and are the basis for the author to consider, evaluate, and draw the nature, laws or trends of movement and development of historical events, phenomena and characters. Results: Although the business of Vietnamese people in Hanoi in the period 1919-1929 increased significantly compared to the previous period, it still accounted for a small proportion of Hanoi's total business-license tax revenue at that time. In Hanoi, business-license tax is both a source of local budget revenue and a means to manage business activities of the colonial state in Vietnam, and a tool for the colonial government to control and regulate the business and trade activities of the Vietnamese bourgeoisie and petty bourgeoisie. Conclusion: Scholars' comments and assessments on the research issue show that through the business-license tax, business and trade activities of Vietnamese people in Hanoi in the period 1919-1923 have developed and increased in quantity, quality and business scale. Along with the increase of occupational groups, economic management through taxes is strengthened and tightened by the government. The establishment of the business-license tax, on the one hand, demonstrates the tax collection nature of the new tax system for newly established and developed business and production sectors within colonial society. On the other hand, this tax also reflects the formation and development of the Vietnamese bourgeoisie and petty bourgeoisie. At the same time, the motives are clearly seen when the authorities propose and implement a policy in any country under their rule.
Business-license tax, Hanoi, Vietnam, France, 1919-1929; Vietnamese, Europeans, Asians
DESIGNING A MODEL OF THE DIMENSIONS OF THE TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORPORATE BRAND WITH PRODUCT FEATURES IN MOBILE PHONES
Today, corporate brand dimensions are very important as a key concept for brand development and success in the market of Iraqi mobile phone companies. This research aims to design a model of corporate brand dimensions and related product features in mobile phone companies. According to its goals, the present research is of the developmental research type and in terms of the process of doing the work, it is of the exploratory type. The method of data collection in this research is both field and library methods. The current research method is qualitative. The qualitative approach in this research is inductive, and it is done using the Glazer-type foundation data method. Semi- structured interviews were used to collect data in the qualitative part of this research. Based on the results after performing three stages of open coding, selective coding, and theoretical coding, a total of 5 categories, 26 concepts, and 71 final codes were obtained, which showed that effective brand dimensions include corporate brand dimensions, product features, purchase decision, brand loyalty and environmental factors" in connection with the development of brand dimensions with product features have the role of an effective factor on the purchase decision and loyalty of mobile phone customers. In the end, the conceptual model and the corresponding theory are presented.
Corporate Brand Dimensions, Product Features, Mobile Phone
MODERN INTERPRETATION OF TURKIC EPICS ON THE KAZAKH STAGE
Folklore, according to the definition of more than one generation of scientists, is an inexhaustible source of the nation's spiritual culture, ethical principles and norms. Folklore incorporates genre varieties of both poetic and musical embodiment of reality. Among these varieties, particular attention is drawn to the synthetic genre of the epic common for many peoples. The folk epic, which has absorbed the complex of worldviews of human society, expresses the eternal thoughts and aspirations of people, their struggle against the forces of nature, grief and suffering under the yoke of foreign invaders, conveys to us the command of mothers and the valor of warrior- heroes, saviors of the fatherland, the triumph of good over evil and the outbursts of loving hearts after a long separation. Framing all this with figurative and poetic conjectures, epic legends grow into a classical form of syncretic creation, in which elements of all beginnings of verbal, musical, and choreographic art are involved. After all, "The epic gives us special pleasure, because its events and heroes strengthen our faith in the value of human achievements and in the dignity and nobility of man." [Bowra 1945: 1]. Therefore, the "Epic of Gilgamesh", "Iliad", "Odyssey", "Mahabharata", as well as the medieval "Song of the Nibelungs", "Song of Rolland", "Shahnama" and many other epic monuments connect modernity with the legacies of past centuries.
modern, interpretation, Turkic, epics, Kazakh, stage.
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE BUHHDISM SUB-SECT OF VINH XUONG BUU SON KY HUONG IN TAN CHAU, AN GIANG
The Buu Son Ky Huong religious sect (BSKH – Strange Fragrance from the Precious Mountains) was originated in An Giang in 1849, then it spread to many parts of the Southwest. Since the death of Doan Minh Huyen, the founder of BSKH, the sect developed in small scale and gradually declined due to many reasons. However, in the early decades of the twentieth century, BSKH was re- established from lineage believers. The re-established BSKH later had many different names and was identified as a religious subsect derived from the BSKH founded by Doan Minh Huyen. The typical representing sect of BSKH established afterward is the one in Vinh Xuong, known as Vinh Xuong BSKH, Buddhist Vinh Xuong BSKH, or Vinh Xuong BSKH sect. In order to distinguish and compare the characteristics of BSKH to others through different stages, in this article, we temporarily use the term original BSKH to refer to the BSKH founded and handed down to the future generation by Doan Minh Huyen. As for the BSKH sub-sects formed later, we use the names identified by the follower community as that of Vinh Xuong BSKH. Regarding Vinh Xuong BSKH, there have been two studies in the past, however, they only stopped at some issues of historical summary, so we realize that further research is needed. Therefore, this article presents our study on the establishment history of sub-sects, doctrinal thoughtss, characteristics of worship, annual worship ceremonies of Vinh Xuong BSKH as the fundamental basis for comparison with the original BSKH
Buu son ky huong, vinh xuong, tan chau, pham thanh quang.
CAODAISM: A UNIQUE VIETNAMESE SYNCRETIC RELIGION
Vietnamese Caodaism is a syncretic faith that blends aspects of many faiths and traditions, including Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, Catholicism, spiritism, and traditional folk beliefs. It quickly rose to become the third biggest faith in Vietnam after its official establishment in 1926 in Tay Ninh province in the south. Today, there are about 5 million adherents. A brief history, philosophies, doctrines, worship rituals, and architectural aesthetics of Caodaism are presented in this article. It talks about how its worldview incorporates Buddhist ideas of karma and rebirth, how its socioreligious structure is shaped by Confucian ethics and propriety, and how its rituals and accessories reflect Taoist Yin-Yang beliefs. The doctrine of the Supreme Being, which echoes God the Heavenly Father, the liturgical structure of Caodaism, and the ecclesiastical hierarchy all show Catholic influences. Voodoo and the veneration of guardian deities are important tenets of traditional Vietnamese religion. Tay Ninh Holy See, a complex of temples that blends European and Asian architectural styles, is a synthesis of these many elements. Sacred yearly activities at this headquarters site include memorial services for revered individuals as well as group ceremonies of introspection and moral reaffirmation that revitalise believers on a spiritual level. Caodaism, with its distinctive character that combines Eastern philosophy with Western practises, is now widely practised thanks to official acceptance and international missions. The moral rebirth and cross-cultural appeal of this fusion religion are significant across growing international networks, even as Vietnam undergoes modernization
Caodaism, syncretism, taoism, buddhism, confucianism, catholicism, spiritism, worship, architecture.
POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN URUGUAY (1967-1973)
Amid the political developments that took place in Latin America in general and the Republic of Uruguay in particular, which is not an exception to the policy that brought the United States of America into the capitalist and communist conflict, this country part was made part of that conflict and used a military government against the communist tide existing at that time. The ruling policy of the Uruguayan president at that time was after arbitrariness, the multiplicity of decisions, the banning of leftist parties, and the failure to take into account Parliament’s decisions through the policy of gagging mouths, expelling professors from universities, and suppressing unions. As far as the economic aspect is concerned, Uruguay followed direct connection with foreign capital, especially the United States of America, and followed the lines defined by the International Monetary Fund. Besides, the government also defined the movement of its business with businessmen, neoliberal technocrats, and extremist Baathist groups.The repressive policy on the political side, the economic crisis and high inflation fueled the social conflict and the emergence of extremist leftist gangs such as the Cubamaru National Liberation Front. This Front consisted of extremist leftist guerrillas, aiming at strengthening the state’s tendencies and controlling them. It implemented a harsh policy of repression against the most common social sectors, which at that time was considered strange and a threat to the peaceful stability of the state. Therefore, the persecution of political activists in solidarity with them continued in Uruguay, as in the case of all dictatorships at that time.In June 1968, it represented a painful wound for the country, when the Panekko Sevda governments launched urgent security measures pertaining to the economic situation, including suspending the activities of salary councils, freezing salaries under the pretext of fighting inflation, and the army’s intervention in the matter through mass arrests of union leaders and students and those trapped in the streets after the death of the first student. All of this led to the intense tensions between the government and people.On the subject of the attitude of the United States on the current situation in Uruguay, Uruguay was part of the dictatorial governments that the United States of America worked to support and link economically to American security capital. This brought up a deteriorating economic situation, and Uruguay lived during that period a state of economic inflation. This situation negatively affected society in light of the various conflicts hit such society without any solution provided by the government and behind it the United States.The United States acted to protect its interests through the use of armed forces. Such forces gradually besieged the civilian dictatorships that were protecting its interests and ideologies in the backyard, and drove these forces at the forefront of political life.
Political Developments , Uruguay, Left parties, Liberation Front
THE AESTHETICS OF THE POP ART SCHOOL AND THE RECYCLING OF MATERIALS AND THEIR IMPACT ON ENRICHING THE ARTISTIC WORK
Pop Art in general: considering it a visual art movement. It depends on exploiting everything that exists in reality. This art depends mainly on the artist's vision. The artists of this school used widely used materials that were characterized by their limited beauty. Many artists considered it a visual re-evaluation of the events and reality that a person experiences in his daily life. This art was characterized by its low cost, as it was a youthful art that led to good commercial investment. When he appeared, he aimed to extract high art from different public situations. Artists in this art usually get their inspiration from consumer goods and advertisements on the roads and various storefronts. This art represents citizens' freedom of expression. This art began with photography and drawing. This art shows different styles in drawing. It was the first work of the Indirahole Foundation Therefore, the research turned to producing artistic artifacts using the Pop Art concept and recycling materials
the Pop Art - recycling of materials- the artistic work
EMERGING DANCE INNOVATIONS FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIETAL ADVANCEMENT 5.0
Objective: The objective of this article is to elucidate the role of dancing in fostering the potential development of young children. Amidst the progression of Society 5.0, a multitude of novel art forms with social entertainment themes have surfaced, encompassing artistic expressions rooted in indigenous knowledge. A limited number of young toddlers exhibit a preference for dancing, despite the existence of novel dance forms tailored to their age group. The issue at hand pertains to the examination of the impact of emerging dance arts on young children within the context of societal advancements in the industrial revolution, sometimes referred to as Society 5.0. Method: The research methodology employed in this study was the utilization of qualitative methodologies for data collection. This encompassed doing a comprehensive review of relevant literature, making direct observations, and conducting in-depth interviews with selected informants. Qualitative data analysis was conducted utilizing symbol theory and practice theory. Results: The study's findings suggest that the implementation of novel dances tailored for young children, such as the bebek putih jambul and peteng bulan, can yield multiple beneficial outcomes. It can cultivate a heightened passion for dance among young children. It has the potential to bring about a change in the mindsets of young children towards a more optimistic view, marked by enhanced self-control, accountability, cooperation, environmental consciousness, and a sense of reverence towards Ida Sang Hyang Widhi. Lastly, it can act as a catalyst for Balinese artists, motivating them to produce performance arts that are more captivating to young children. Conclusion: The introduction of new dances designed specifically for young children, such as the bebek putih jambul and peteng bulan, can have several positive effects. Firstly, it can foster a greater enthusiasm for dancing among young children. Secondly, it can potentially lead to a shift in the attitudes of early childhood towards a more positive outlook, characterized by increased discipline, responsibility, collaboration, respect for the environment, and a sense of devotion towards God.
Balinese Dance, Early Childhood, Society 5.0
THE ROLE OF MUSIC ACTIVITIES TO ENHANCE THE SOCIAL SKILLS OF AUTISTIC CHILDREN
The role of music activities to enhance the social skills of autistic children. The current research aims to enhance some of the social skills of autistic children through a proposed music-based program. It also seeks to improve the verbal communication skills of autistic children. In addition, it targets developing the ability of autistic children in social interaction and participation through performing with another child or his caregivers. The study sample consisted of a one nine-year-old child in the second grade of primary school with autism (a case study) in the Emirate of Sharjah - the United Arab Emirates. In order to answer the research questions and hypotheses, the researcherss followed a qualitative and quantitative approach. They also used the following tools, which they have prepared after verifying their sincerity and consistency: a preliminary questionnaire on autistic children, a scale of social skills for autistic children, and the music- based program. And to process statistical data, the researchers used the SPSS program. The results of the research indicated that there are statistically significant differences between the pre-test and the post-test for the training program on the level of social skills in the axis of verbal communication of the research sample. Also, there are statistically significant differences between the pre-test and the post- test for the training program on the scale of social skills in the axis of social interaction and participation of the research sample. Finally, the music-based training program has proven effective in enhancing the social skills of the research sample. Based on these results, the researchers developed a set of recommendations and proposed research.
Autism, Music-Based Activities, Verbal Communication, Social Skills
"TEACHING CONVERSATIONAL SKILLS TO NON-NATIVE SPEAKERS”
This study aimed to reveal the degree of possession of conversational skills among students studying in centers teaching Arabic to non- native speakers. The researcher followed the descriptive survey research method due to its suitability for the purposes of the study. The study sample included 187 students studying in centers teaching Arabic to non-native speakers. To achieve the objectives of the study, he The researcher prepared the study tool (the questionnaire), which included (30) items. The study concluded that the degree of possession of the conversational skill among students studying in centers for teaching Arabic to non-native speakers was generally moderate. The study recommended the need to circulate successful models in teaching the conversational skill among the centers. It is widespread in public and private universities and centers specialized in teaching the Arabic language to non-native speakers.
Conversation Skill, Centers for Teaching Arabic to Non-Native Speakers.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PRIMARY GOVERNMENT HEALTHCARE CENTERS IN HAIL CITY USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS
This study aims to identify the spatial distribution of primary government healthcare centres in Hail City and analyse the accessibility to these centres. The research seeks to understand the pattern of distribution of healthcare services using spatial analysis tools, evaluating whether the locations can serve a larger number of service seekers or those within their basic service range. The study also investigates the ease of access to healthcare services, considering spatial access as a crucial factor in human health.The primary objective is to uncover the current situation of government primary healthcare centres in Hail City, assessing the existing conditions and proposing appropriate alternatives to achieve maximum fairness and social justice in accessing government healthcare facilities in the city. The study reveals some results, including a deficiency in the spatial distribution of primary healthcare services and variations in accessibility to healthcare centres in Hail City.The primary healthcare centres are distributed among the city's municipalities as follows: 15% in the north (3 centres), 70% in the central area (14 centres), and 15% in the south (3 centres). The central neighbourhoods exhibit higher accessibility points than the rest of the city, while most neighbourhoods lacking access to healthcare centres are situated in the city's peripheral areas.The findings can assist local health planners in improving spatial equality in accessing healthcare centres by prioritizing services for neighbourhoods with lower accessibility when allocating future healthcare centres in Hail City.
Spatial Distribution – Healthcare Services – Primary Healthcare Centers – Accessibility
THE DEGREE OF TESOL INTERNS’ SATISFACTION WITH THE INTERNSHIP PROGRAM AT QATAR UNIVERSITY
This study specified TESOL interns’ level of satisfaction experienced after completing internship at College of Education, Qatar University. A questionnaire includes 4 factors and 30 items was conducted on to investigate fourteen fourth year interns’ overall satisfaction with internship. Determinates of the satisfaction are divided into four factors: F1: overall internship experience, F2: work environment, F3: improved jobs prospects, and F4: learning new skills. Findings displayed that factor 4 achieved the first satisfaction level of participants (71.43%), while factor 1 obtained the second satisfaction level (58.17%). Factor 3 remained at the same level (47.83%), whereas factor 2 gained the lowest level (44.90%).
Internship, Satisfaction, Interns, TESOL
SOUVENIR PURCHASE INTENTION AND BUYING BEHAVIOR OF TOURISTS AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN CAN THO CITY, VIETNAM
This study examines the purchasing behaviour of visitors from various nations while acquiring souvenirs during their visits to Can Tho, Vietnam, in response to the expanding cultural tourism industry in Asia. This research employs a quantitative methodology and employs a logical framework to examine the factors that impact visitors' purchasing decisions. The study used a 5-point Likert scale to collect data from 351 participants who were part of the convenience sample. The cohort consists of travellers from various parts of the globe. The objective is to determine the variables that influence individuals' inclination to purchase mementos. An analysis of data obtained from Google Forms, conducted using SPSS and Amos software, found that among the variables examined (travel characteristics, shopping environment, souvenir characteristics, and salesperson interaction), the salesperson interaction had the greatest influence on travellers' intentions and purchasing behaviours. The regression analysis reveals a significant correlation between the variables Souvenir Characteristics (SC), Salespersons (SP), Shopping Environment (SE), and Souvenir Buying Intention (SCI). The Salespersons (SP) component had the highest influence on Souvenir Buying Intention (SCI), as shown by a regression score of 0.714. Furthermore, it significantly influences the purchasing behaviour of visitors when acquiring mementos. This study's conclusions may be advantageous for academics, professionals in tourism management, and souvenir enterprises. The administration of tourist sites should promote the preservation of cultural artefact from the region, guarantee the excellence and security of all merchandise, and cultivate a setting that facilitates the growth of souvenir stores. In order for souvenir companies to thrive, it is imperative that they enhance the training of their sales personnel, modernise their shops, expand their product offerings, and produce mementos of exceptional quality
Purchase intention, souvenir, travel characteristics, souvenir characteristics, shopping environment, visitor, can tho
THE LEGAL SYSTEM FOR THE OVERSIGHT OF PROVINCIAL COUNCILS OVER THE PERFORMANCE OF ADMINISTRATIVE BODIES A COMPARATIVE ANALYTICAL STUDY
According to the constitution and the ad hoc laws of governorates that are not incorporated into a region, provincial councils in Iraq have extensive oversight authority. This kind of authority includes monitoring the work of executive agencies within their respective provinces, which includes assessing and analyzing the performance of public institutions and government departments as well as reports on the completion of projects and initiatives. Moreover, these councils have the authority to take part in the decision-making process concerning the work of these governorate-based bodies. The provincial council has the authority to discuss certain matters, such as the development programs and budget of the administrative bodies. To find out the efficiency of these programs and initiatives, the council may ask for reports from the public institutions and organizations of the governorate. Provincial councils are considered an effective force in administrative decentralization, contributing to improving the lives of local communities, promoting development, and achieving sustainable development
Provincial councils, administrative decentralization, supervisory powers of provincial councils, limits of provincial council oversight, administrative bodies in the governorates.
Cost-benefit, distribution channel, num-mango
MEANING OF THE DEATH CEREMONY ‘RAMBU SOLO’ IN TANA TORAJA
Rambu Solo is a traditional ceremony descended from generation to generation in Tana Toraja Regency, Indonesia. For the people of Tana Toraja, performing a traditional ceremony for a dead person is obliged. If the death ceremony is not undertaken, the deceased person would still be considered lying, sick, or what they call "tomakula" (Toraja word). They believe that people do not only struggle during living in this world but also in their post-death, as they call it Bombo, To Mebbal iPuang, and Data Bombo. This post-death phase is the phase in which the spirits of the deceased are still roaming around. Therefore, the Rambu Solo ceremony is mandatory for Tana Toraja's people. This article presents the history of the Tana Toraja people from the beginning of their entry into South Sulawesi, their deployment pattern, and the process of the Rambu Solo ceremony, along with the procedures, equipment and stages in accordance with the tradition rooted in Toraja society. To facilitate this research, the anthropological approach was applied. This approach examines something related to humans as living beings or socio-cultural creatures with a descriptive-qualitative method. The secondary data was obtained through library research, reviewing some related literature. The primary data were obtained by observation and interviews with related parties. The result of this research is the meaning of the Rambu Solo ceremony. The dimensions studied are: First, religious meaning, because the traditions of Tana Toraja people are very closely related to the Creator. Rambu Solo is believed to make it easier for the spirit of dead people to depart to the spirit realm, that is, to return to eternity with their ancestors in a resting place known as Puya. Second, social meaning. Rambu Solo ceremony is a consolation for the bereaved family. The buffalo is prepared by the family based on a mutual agreement. In addition, donations in the form of pigs and money can also be given. After slaughtering the buffalo, the meat is distributed to the local residents present at the ceremonial event. Thus, this ceremony has the dimension of mutual cooperation and assistance to reduce social inequality among the people of Tana Toraja
IMPACT OF PARLIAMENT'S ABSENCE ON THE EXERCISE OF LEGISLATIVE COMPETENCE
In ordinary circumstances, the executive branch shall be competent to implement the laws promulgated by the legislature by issuing implementing regulations within the limits of the law to be implemented without any change, in the absence of legislative authority in certain ordinary cases, such as the period between sessions, the annual recess, the dissolution of the Council, or the country's exposure to exceptional circumstances which cannot be met by ordinary law, because of the urgent need to enact legislation required by the public interest in such circumstances, States tend to give the executive more powers than they normally did the legislative branch may delegate its legislative competence to the executive branch, and the question of adapting the executive branch's actions in the event of a failure to convene Parliament arises whether they are legislative acts or administrative decisions that are open to appeal to the courts.
Absence of Parliament, Legislative Competence, Government Legislation, Constitution.
SIMULATION OF EXTRAORDINARY FLOOD RISKS FOR THE DIYALA RIVER SECTION WITHIN THE ABU SAYDA AND AL-SALAM DISTRICTS USING HEC-RAS (HYDROLOGICAL STUDY)
The current study included (simulating exceptional flood risks for the Diyala River section within the Abu Saida and Al Salam districts using Hec-Ras), as the study area is located between two latitudes (33°51'57"N - 33°58'29"N) north, and longitude (44°39'1.803"E - 44°49'49.808"E) E A section of the Diyala River was studied between Abu Sidon district in the north and Al-Salam district in the south. The length of the studied river section was about (39) km. During the study, maps were made that simulate exceptional floods for the perio d (2013-2022), as it became clear that the year 2019 witnessed exceptional floods. The maximum discharge reached (733) m3/s, and maps were created simulating flood levels according to four levels of water height, indicating the extent of its impact on land cover within the studied area. The study found that flood risk increases near the river, as the affected lands amounted to approximately (14.5 km2, within a coverage range of 500 Meter, the lands affected by the 2019 flood amounted to (3.5) km2, within a coverage range of 1000 Meter. Water-damaged lands within a coverage range of 1500 meters decreased, as it amounted to about (1.1) km2, out of the total number of affected lands. As a resul t of the 2019 flood, which amounted to (19) km2 .
floods, Diyala River, environmental risks, Hec-Ras program.
SELF-CARE EXPERIENCE AND EXPECTATION: EXPLORING THE VALUES AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES AMONG PATIENTS LIVING WITH CHRONIC DISEASES
The incidence of readmission among patients with chronic diseases is often influenced by. values and cultural factors that are sometimes contradictory to medical treatment. This study aimed to explore the experiences and expectations of patients with chronic diseases in self-care based on their values and culture. A qualitative assessment of participants with Betawi culture, in Indonesia was conducted through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and an in-depth interview. A total of 46 participants were interviewed consisting of 14 traditional leaders, nine family members, and 23 participants with chronic disease. Thematic content analysis was employed to analyze the interview data. Four themes found from this study regarding the participants’ cultural practices, and expectations are (1) Spurt by the traditional healer as health practice is done by participants before medical treatment; (2) Prevention actions are done with herbal consumption, maintaining the environment and improving nutrition; (3) Participant needs family and peer support for their health behavior; (4) Participants expect that the health services become more simple and easier by using technology application. The findings highlight that participants with chronic diseases are eager to do self-care with influenced by families and peers, as well as communities’ values and culture. Comprehensive nursing care encourages active patient engagement in self-care practices with family support that in turn will improve their quality of life.
Chronic Disease; Self-Care; Culture, Families’Support